Understanding Mesothelioma Life Expectancy and Asbestos Exposure in the UK

Mesothelioma, a rare and aggressive form of cancer, is predominantly caused by exposure to asbestos. This blog delves into the life expectancy of individuals diagnosed with mesothelioma, focusing on the impact of asbestos exposure in the UK. We will explore the factors affecting life expectancy, current treatment options, and the legal landscape surrounding asbestos exposure.

What is Mesothelioma?

Mesothelioma is a type of cancer that develops in the mesothelium, the protective lining that covers many internal organs. It most commonly affects the lining of the lungs (pleural mesothelioma) but can also occur in the lining of the abdomen (peritoneal mesothelioma) and, more rarely, the heart or testicles. The primary cause of mesothelioma is exposure to asbestos, a group of minerals composed of microscopic fibres that were widely used in construction, insulation, and other industries due to their durability and resistance to heat.

Asbestos Exposure in the UK

Asbestos was heavily used in the UK from the 1950s until its ban in 1999. During this period, millions of workers in construction, shipbuilding, and manufacturing were exposed to asbestos fibres, often without adequate protection. When these fibres are inhaled or ingested, they can become lodged in the mesothelium, leading to inflammation, scarring, and eventually, the development of mesothelioma.

According to the Health and Safety Executive (HSE), asbestos-related diseases still account for around 5,000 deaths annually in the UK, with mesothelioma responsible for a significant portion of these deaths.

Life Expectancy After a Mesothelioma Diagnosis

The prognosis for mesothelioma patients is generally poor, with many factors influencing life expectancy. On average, life expectancy ranges from 12 to 21 months after diagnosis.

According to Cancer UK, Survival for all stages for people with mesothelioma in England:

45 out of 100 people (45%) survive their mesothelioma for 1 year or more after diagnosis
more than 5 out of 100 people (more than 5%) survive their mesothelioma for 5 year or more after diagnosis

However, individual prognoses can vary widely based on several factors:

1. Stage of the Disease: Mesothelioma is typically diagnosed in one of four stages. Early-stage mesothelioma (stages 1 and 2) is more likely to respond to treatment, leading to a longer life expectancy. Advanced stages (3 and 4) have spread more extensively, making treatment more challenging and reducing life expectancy.

2. Cell Type: Mesothelioma can be classified into three main cell types: epithelioid, sarcomatoid, and biphasic. Epithelioid mesothelioma has the best prognosis, with a life expectancy of about 19 months. Sarcomatoid mesothelioma, the most aggressive form, has a life expectancy of around 10 months. Biphasic mesothelioma, containing both cell types, has an intermediate prognosis.

3. Patient’s Overall Health and Age: Younger patients and those in good general health tend to have a better prognosis. The ability to withstand aggressive treatments like surgery and chemotherapy significantly influences life expectancy.

4. Gender: Studies have shown that women diagnosed with mesothelioma often have a slightly better prognosis than men. This difference is not fully understood but may be related to hormonal or genetic factors.

What is the average life expectancy with someone diagnosed with mesothelioma?

As stated before following a diagnosis of mesothelioma the prognosis (how long a person has to live) is generally poor. However there are better treatments and discoveries and it is hoped in the near future the prognosis will improve.

Academic research on mesothelioma life expectancy:

Malignant mesothelioma

Mesothelioma: Treatment and Survival of a Patient Population and Review of the Literature

Treatment Options and Their Impact on Life Expectancy

While mesothelioma remains a challenging disease to treat, several options can improve life expectancy and quality of life:

1. Surgery: Surgical options such as pleurectomy/decortication (P/D) or extrapleural pneumonectomy (EPP) can remove visible tumours and relieve symptoms. These procedures are most effective in early-stage mesothelioma and can extend life expectancy by several months to years when combined with other treatments.

2. Chemotherapy: Chemotherapy, often a combination of pemetrexed and cisplatin, can shrink tumours and slow disease progression. It is the standard treatment for mesothelioma and can extend life expectancy by several months.

3. Radiation Therapy: Radiation therapy can be used to target and kill cancer cells, especially in patients who cannot undergo surgery. It is often used palliatively to relieve pain and other symptoms.

4. Immunotherapy: Newer treatments like immunotherapy, which boosts the body’s immune system to fight cancer, have shown promise in extending life expectancy. Drugs like pembrolizumab and nivolumab are currently being used in clinical trials and compassionate use programs .

The Legal Landscape of Asbestos Exposure in the UK

Victims of mesothelioma and other asbestos-related diseases in the UK have legal avenues to seek compensation. The UK government has implemented several measures to support affected individuals:

1. The Diffuse Mesothelioma Payment Scheme (DMPS): Introduced in 2014, the DMPS provides financial compensation to mesothelioma patients who cannot trace their former employer or their employer’s insurance company. This scheme is crucial for those who were exposed to asbestos decades ago and cannot establish liability .

2. The Pneumoconiosis etc. (Workers’ Compensation) Act 1979: This act provides lump sum payments to workers diagnosed with mesothelioma, asbestosis, and other pneumoconiosis diseases due to occupational exposure. Dependents of deceased workers can also claim under this act .

3. Mesothelioma Personal Injury Claims: Individuals diagnosed with mesothelioma can file personal injury claims against former employers if they can prove that their disease resulted from occupational asbestos exposure. These claims can cover compensation for pain and suffering, loss of income, and medical expenses .

4. Inquests and Coroner’s Reports: In cases where mesothelioma is suspected as the cause of death, an inquest may be held. Coroner’s reports can play a vital role in establishing the link between asbestos exposure and mesothelioma, aiding in legal claims .

Improving Prognosis and Quality of Life

While the prognosis for mesothelioma remains challenging, advancements in treatment and early detection offer hope. Participation in clinical trials and emerging treatments like gene therapy and targeted therapies are paving the way for better outcomes. Additionally, holistic approaches focusing on palliative care, pain management, and psychological support are crucial for improving the quality of life for mesothelioma patients.

Summary, mesothelioma life expectancy

The life expectancy of a person diagnosed with mesothelioma is influenced by various factors, including the stage of the disease, cell type, overall health, and available treatments. Asbestos exposure remains the primary cause, with significant historical usage in the UK leading to numerous cases each year. Understanding the legal avenues available for compensation can provide crucial support for those affected.

For more information, visit resources such as:

1. Health and Safety Executive (HSE)
2. Cancer Research UK – [Mesothelioma Statistics]
3. American Cancer Society – [Survival Statistics for Mesothelioma]
4. National Cancer Institute – [Mesothelioma Treatment (PDQ®)
5. Cancer Research UK – [Immunotherapy for Mesothelioma]
6. Diffuse Mesothelioma Payment Scheme – [Government Information]
7. The Pneumoconiosis etc. (Workers’ Compensation) Act 1979 – [Legislation Information]

Mesothelioma all you need to know

20 Mesothelioma Questions

After 30 years of representing families affected by the dangers of asbestos dust at work, we have put together a list of the most common 20 questions asked by family members who are enquiring about making a mesothelioma compensation claim. However, the guidance applies to all asbestos claims and is therefore not limited to mesothelioma.

1. Which Family Member Can Claim Compensation?

2. What If There Is No Surviving Partner?

3. What Happens If There Is A Will?

4. I’m Not A Partner, Child or Beneficiary In A Will, What Next?

5. Who Can Be A Dependent Of The Deceased?

6. Do You Have A List of Dependants Who Can Claim?

7. What Compensation for Mesothelioma Can Be Claimed?

8. How Much Compensation will I receive for a Mesothelioma Claim?

9. Any Examples of Compensation for Mesothelioma?

10. What if the Employers Are No Longer Trading?

11. Is There A Time Limit To Make A Claim?

12. What If, Despite All Attempts, The Employers Cannot Be Found?